- Unprotected penetrative sex (i.e. having anal or vaginal sex with someone who has HIV without the use of a condom). Oral sex is regarded as a low-risk sexual activity in terms of HIV transmission.
- Sharing or re-using needles or syringes (According to CDC, HIV can live in a used needle up to 42 days depending on temperature and other factors)
- Mother-to-child transmission can occur during pregnancy, delivery, and/or breastfeeding (the chances of transmission becomes extremely low if the mother is on antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and breastfeeding). Going for antenatal care is highly recommended for pregnant women
- Receiving transfusion of infected blood and blood products.
Section 8 subsection (2) of the HIV/AIDs Discrimination Act 2014 states that, any partner in a marriage or co-habiting relationship has the right to be informed of his or her partner’s HIV status in a situation where he or she considers himself or herself at risk of being infected by a partner.
CONFIDENTIALITY
Section 13 (1) of the HIV/AIDs Discrimination Act 2014 states that all persons living with HIV or affected by AIDS shall have the right to protection of data with respect to their health and medical records.
(2) a person who fails to comply with the provisions of this section, commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of not less than N500,000 for an individual and N1 million for an institution or for a term not exceeding two years, or both fine and imprisonment.